Abstract Multi-directional fused-ring electron acceptors (FREAs) feature a fused-ring backbone that extends in multiple directions through bridging and acceptor units. This unique structural design imparts several advantageous properties, like increased light absorption, precise energy level adjustments, improved electron mobility, reduced energy loss, and enhanced efficiency in organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices. In this study, we designed…

Abstract This review article provides a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in electron transport materials derived from quinoxaline, along with their applications in various electronic devices. We focus on their utilization in organic solar cells (OSCs), dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), organic field-effect transistors (OFETs), organic-light emitting diodes (OLEDs) and other organic electronic technologies. Notably, the…

Abstract Energy is vital for the sustainability of modern human society. The primary sources of energy, i.e., fossil fuels, are depleting at an alarming pace. Additionally, the excessive burning of fossil fuels has resulted in health disorders and environmental pollution. In this scenario, renewable energy resources, like solar energy, offer a promising alternative to fossil…

Abstract With the increasingly depleting fossil fuels and soaring environmental issues, the hope for sustainable energy lies in renewable energy sources. Solar energy is a harmless, abundant, and cost-effective energy source and a potential alternative to fossil fuel. Solar cells (SC) can be used to harness and convert solar energy into electricity. Besides the conversion…